- chop
[chop 词源字典] - chop: There are three distinct words chop in English. The oldest [14] originally meant ‘trade, barter’, but it is now found only in the phrase chop and change. It appears to come from Old English cēapian ‘trade’, which is related to English cheap. Chop ‘jaw, jowl’ [15] (now usually in the plural form chops) is of unknown origin; the now archaic chap is a variant. Chop ‘cut’ [16] seems ultimately to be the same word as chap (as in ‘chapped lips’), and may be related to Middle Low German kappen ‘chop off’. The specific noun sense ‘meat cutlet’ dates from the 15th century.
=> chap, cheap[chop etymology, chop origin, 英语词源] - chap (v.)
- "to crack," mid-15c., chappen (intransitive) "to split, burst open;" "cause to crack" (transitive); perhaps a variant of choppen (see chop (v.), and compare strap/strop), or related to Middle Dutch kappen "to chop, cut," Danish kappe, Swedish kappa "to cut." Related: Chapped; chapping. The noun meaning "fissure in the skin" is from late 14c.
- chiropodist (n.)
- 1785, from chiro- "hand" + pod-, stem of Greek pous "foot," from PIE root *ped- (1) "a foot" (see foot (n.)) + -ist. Probably coined by Canadian-born U.S. healer Daniel Palmer (1845-1913); originally they treated both hands and feet. A much-maligned word among classicists, who point out it could mean "having chapped feet" but probably doesn't, and in that case it is an etymological garble and no one can say for sure what it is meant to signify. Related: Chiropody.
- supple (adj.)
- c. 1300, "soft, tender," from Old French souple, sople "pliant, flexible; humble, submissive" (12c.), from Gallo-Roman *supples, from Latin supplex "submissive, humbly begging, beseeching, kneeling in entreaty," literally "bending, kneeling down," perhaps an altered form of *supplacos "humbly pleading, appeasing," from sub "under" + placare "appease" (see placate). Meaning "pliant" is from late 14c.; figurative sense of "artfully obsequious, capable of adapting oneself to the wishes and opinions of others" is from c. 1600. Supple-chapped (c. 1600) was used of a flatterer. Related: Suppleness.
