- equestrian
[equestrian 词源字典] - equestrian: [17] Equestrian was adapted from Latin equester, an adjective derived from eques ‘horseman’. Eques in turn was based on equus ‘horse’ (source of English equine [18]). This was the Latin descendant of *ekwos, the prehistoric Indo-European term for ‘horse’, which was once found in all the daughter languages of Indo- European except for the Slavic branch: Old English had eoh, for example, Old Irish ech, Sanskrit avás, and ancient Greek híppos (source of English hippodrome and hippopotamus).
It is a remarkable circumstance, however, that over the past thousand years equus and its relatives have (other than in derivatives such as equine) died out, to be replaced by secondary terms such as French cheval (from Latin caballus, probably a non-Indo-European borrowing), German pferd (from late Latin paraverēdus ‘extra post-horse’, source also of English palfrey), and English horse.
=> equine, hippopotamus[equestrian etymology, equestrian origin, 英语词源] - request
- request: [14] Request and require [14] come from the same ultimate source: Latin requīrere. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘again’ and quaerere ‘ask, search’ (source of English enquire, question, etc). It originally meant ‘seek again, ask for again’, and it passed into Vulgar Latin as *requaerere, whose feminine past participle *requaesita has given English request. ‘Ask for’ gradually passed via ‘demand’ into ‘need’, and it was in this sense that English acquired the verb *requaerere, through Old French requere, as require.
Derivatives include requisite [15] and requisition [16].
=> enquire, inquest, query, question, requisition - bequest (n.)
- c. 1300, "act of bequeathing," from be- + *cwis, *cwiss "saying" (related to quoth; from Proto-Germanic *kwessiz; see bequeath), with excrescent -t. Meaning "that which is bequeathed" is recorded from late 15c.
- equestrian (adj.)
- "pertaining to or relating to horses or horsemanship," 1650s, formed in English from Latin equester (genitive equestris) "of a horseman, knightly," from eques "horseman, knight," from equus "horse" (see equine). As a noun, "one who rides on horseback," from 1786. The feminine form equestrienne is attested from 1848 (Century Dictionary calls it "circus-bill French"). An earlier adjective was equestrial (1550s).
- request (n.)
- mid-14c., from Old French requeste (Modern French requête) "a request," from Vulgar Latin *requaesita, from Latin requisita "a thing asked for," fem. of requisitus "requested, demanded," from past participle stem of requirere (see require).
- request (v.)
- 1530s, from request (n.) or from Middle French requester, from Old French requester "ask again, request, reclaim," from requeste. Related: Requested; requesting.
- sequester (v.)
- late 14c., "remove" something, "quarantine, isolate" (someone); "excommunicate;" also intransitive, "separate oneself from," from Old French sequestrer (14c.), from Late Latin sequestrare "to place in safekeeping," from Latin sequester "trustee, mediator," noun use of an adjective meaning "intermediate," which probably is related to sequi "to follow" (see sequel). Meaning "seize by authority, confiscate" is first attested 1510s. Alternative sequestrate (v.) is early 15c., from Latin sequestratus. Related: Sequestered; sequestering.
- sequestration (n.)
- c. 1400, from Late Latin sequestrationem (nominative sequestratio) "a depositing," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin sequestrare (see sequester).
- sequestrate
- "Take legal possession of (assets) until a debt has been paid or other claims have been met", Late Middle English (in the sense 'separate from general access'): from late Latin sequestrat- 'given up for safekeeping', from the verb sequestrare (see sequester).
