- advice
[advice 词源字典] - advice: [13] Like modern French avis, advice originally meant ‘opinion’, literally ‘what seems to one to be the case’. In Latin, ‘seem’ was usually expressed by the passive of the verb vidēre ‘see’; thus, vīsum est, ‘it seems’ (literally ‘it is seen’). With the addition of the dative first person pronoun, one could express the notion of opinion: mihi vīsum est, ‘it seems to me’.
It appears either that this was partially translated into Old French as ce m’est a vis, or that the past participle vīsum was nominalized in Latin, making possible such phrases as ad (meum) vīsum ‘in (my) view’; but either way it is certain that a(d)- became prefixed to vīs(um), producing a new word, a(d)vis, for ‘opinion’.
It was originally borrowed into English without the d, but learned influence had restored the Latin spelling by the end of the 15th century. As to its meaning, ‘opinion’ was obsolete by the mid 17th century, but already by the late 14th century the present sense of ‘counsel’ was developing. The verb advise [14] probably comes from Old French aviser, based on avis.
=> vision, visit[advice etymology, advice origin, 英语词源] - asylum
- asylum: [15] Greek sulon meant ‘right of seizure’. With the addition of the negative prefix a- ‘not’ this was turned into the adjective ásūlos ‘inviolable’, which in turn was nominalized as āsūlon ‘refuge’. When it first entered English, via Latin asylum, it was used specifically for ‘place of sanctuary for hunted criminals and others’ (a meaning reflected in modern English ‘political asylum’), and it was not until the mid 18th century that it came to be applied to mental hospitals.
- omi (1)
- "In early imperial Japan: (a hereditary title for) the head of clan or family that claimed imperial ancestry, who usually also served as a high-ranking official in the Yamato court", Late 19th century; earliest use found in Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. From Japanese omi clan chieftain (720 in Nihon-shoki, the Chronicles of Japan), fused compound of uncertain origin. Perhaps a contraction of ō-mi (from ō- great + -mi revered being, god (from (i)mi, nominalized stem of imu to shun)), but frequently apprehended as from ō- + mi body, person.
