- roast
[roast 词源字典] - roast: [13] Roast can be traced back ultimately to a prehistoric West Germanic term for a ‘metal grid for cooking things on’. From this was derived the verb *raustjan, which evolved into German rösten and Dutch roosten. There is no trace of it in Old English, however: English got it via Old French rostir, which had been borrowed from Germanic. A derivative of Dutch roosten was rooster ‘gridiron’. The resemblance between a gridiron pattern and lines ruled on paper led to the metaphorical use of rooster for ‘list, table’ – whence English roster [18].
=> roster[roast etymology, roast origin, 英语词源] - roast (v.)
- late 13c., "to cook by dry heat," from Old French rostir "to roast, burn" (Modern French rôtir), from Frankish *hraustjan (cognate with Old High German rosten, German rösten, Middle Dutch roosten "to roast"), originally "cook on a grate or gridiron," related to Germanic words meaning "gridiron, grate;" such as German Rost, Middle Dutch roost.
Intransitive sense "be very hot, be exposed to great heat" is from c. 1300. The meaning "make fun of in an affectionate way" is from 1710. From the same source as roster. Related: Roasted; roasting. Roast beef first recorded 1630s (French rosbif is from English).
- roast (n.)
- early 14c., "meat roasted or for roasting;" see roast (v.). Meaning "a roasting" is from 1580s. Sense of "an unmerciful bantering" is from 1740.
