英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

deflower (v.)[deflower 词源字典]: late 14c., "deprive (a maiden) of her virginity," also "excerpt the best parts of (a book)," from Old French desflorer (13c., Modern French déflorer) "to deflower (a garden); to take the virginity of," from Late Latin deflorare, from de- (see de-) + flos "flower" (see flora). Notion is "to strip of flowers," hence "to ravish," which is the oldest sense in English.
The French Indians are said not to have deflowered any of our young women they captivated. [James Adair, "The Life of an Indian Trader," London, 1775]
[deflower etymology, deflower origin, 英语词源]
defogger (n.): 1966, from agent noun from de- + fog (v.).
defoliant (adj.): 1943, from defoliate + -ant.
defoliate (v.): 1793, perhaps a back-formation from defoliation. Earlier in this sense was defoil (c. 1600). Related: Defoliated; defoliating.
defoliation (n.): 1650s, noun of action from past participle stem of Late Latin defoliare "shed leaves," from de- (see de-) + folium "leaf" (see folio).
deforest (v.): 1880 in modern sense, from de- + forest. Related: Deforested; deforesting. Disforest in the sense "to clear of trees" is from 1660s. Disafforest is attested in this sense from 1842; originally it meant "reduce from the legal status of a forest" (1590s).
deforestation (n.): 1884, from deforest + -ation. Earlier was deforesting (1530s) which was a legal term for the change in definition of a parcel of land from "forest" to something else.
deform (v.): c. 1400, "to disfigure," from Old French deformer (13c.), from Latin deformare "put out of shape, disfigure," from de- (see de-) + formare (see form (v.)). Related: Deformed; deforming.
deformation (n.): mid-15c., "transformation," from Old French deformation and directly from Latin deformationem (nominative deformatio), noun of action from past participle stem of deformare (see deform).
deformity (n.): early 15c., diformyte, from Old French deformité "deformity, disfigurement," from Latin deformitatem (nominative deformitas) "ugliness," from deformis "misformed, misshapen," from deformare (see deform).
defragment (v.): 1992, in computer sense, from de- + fragment. Related: Defragmented; defragmenting.
defraud (v.): mid-14c., from Old French defrauder, from Latin defraudare "to defraud, cheat," from de- "thoroughly" (see de-) + fraudare "to cheat, swindle" (see fraud). Related: Defrauded; defrauding.
defray (v.): 1540s, from Middle French defraier (15c.), perhaps from de- "out" (see de-) + fraier "spend," from Old French frais "costs, damages caused by breakage," from Latin fractum, neuter past participle of frangere "to break" (see fraction). Alternative etymology traces second element to Old High German fridu "peace," via Vulgar Latin *fredum "fine, cost."
defrock (v.): 1580s, from French défroquer (15c.), from de- (see de-) + froque "frock" (see frock). Related: Defrocked. A Modern English verb frock "supply with a frock" is attested only from 1828 and probably is a back-formation from this.
defrost (v.): 1895, from de- + frost. Related: Defrosted; defrosting.
deft (adj.): Old English gedæfte "mild, gentle," differentiated in Middle English into daft (q.v.) and this word, via sense of "apt, skillful, adept." Cognate with Gothic gadaban "to be fit," Old Norse dafna "to grow strong," Dutch deftig "important, relevant."
deftly (adv.): mid-15c., from deft + -ly (2).
defunct (adj.): 1590s, from Old French defunct (14c., Modern French defunt) or directly from Latin defunctus "dead," literally "off-duty," from past participle of defungi "to discharge, finish," from de- "off, completely" (see de-) + fungi "perform or discharge duty," from PIE root *bheug- (2) "to enjoy" (see brook (v.)).
defuse (v.): 1943, from de- + fuse. Related: Defused; defusing.
defy (v.): c. 1300, "to renounce one's allegiance;" mid-14c., "to challenge, defy," from Old French defier, desfier "to challenge, defy, provoke; renounce (a belief), repudiate (a vow, etc.)," from Vulgar Latin *disfidare "renounce one's faith," from Latin dis- "away" (see dis-) + fidus "faithful," from the same root as fides "faith" (see faith).