英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

diametric (adj.)[diametric 词源字典]: 1802, probably shortened from diametrical (1550s); see diameter + -ical.[diametric etymology, diametric origin, 英语词源]
diametrically (adv.): 1630s, "completely" (opposed, contrary, etc.); see diametric. Mostly in figurative use; the two points that mark the ends of a line of diameter across a circle are opposite one another.
diamond (n.): early 14c., from Old French diamant, from Medieval Latin diamantem (nominative diamas), from Vulgar Latin *adiamantem (altered by influence of the many Greek words in dia-), from Latin adamantem (nominative adamans) "the hardest metal," later, "diamond" (see adamant). Playing card suit is from 1590s; Sense in baseball is American English, 1875.
Diana: c. 1200, ancient Italian goddess of the moon, patroness of virginity and hunting, later identified with Greek Artemis, and through her with eastern goddesses such as Diana of Ephesus. The name is explained as *Diwjana, from *diw-yo-, from PIE root *dyeu- "to shine" (see Zeus) in reference to the shining moon, or from dius "godly."
dianetics (n.): 1950, coined by U.S. writer L. Ron Hubbard (1911-1986), an alteration of dianoetic (1670s) "of or pertaining to thought," from Greek dianoetikos "of or for thinking; intellectual," from dianoetos, verbal adjective from dianoe-esthai "to think," from dia- "through" (see dia-) + noe-ein "to think, suppose."
Dianthus (n.): 1849, from Modern Latin (Linnaeus), literally "flower of Zeus," from Greek Dios, genitive of Zeus "Zeus" (see Zeus) + anthos "flower" (see anther).
diaper (n.): mid-14c., "fabric with a repeated pattern of figures," from Old French diaspre "ornamental cloth; flowered, patterned silk cloth," perhaps via Medieval Latin diasprum from Medieval Greek diaspros "thoroughly white," or perhaps "white interspersed with other colors," from dia- (see dia-) + aspros "white."

Aspros originally meant "rough," and was applied to the raised parts of coins (among other things), and thus was used in Byzantine Greek to mean "silver coin," from which the bright, shiny qualities made it an adjective for whiteness. Modern sense of "underpants for babies" is continuous since 1837, but such usage has been traced back to 1590s.
diaper (v.): late 14c., "to put a small, repeated pattern on," from Old French diaprer, variant of diasprer, from diaspre (see diaper (n.)). Meaning "to put a diaper on" (a baby) is attested by 1951. Related: Diapered; diapering.
diaphanous (adj.): 1610s, from Medieval Latin diaphanus, from Greek diaphanes "transparent," from dia- "through" (see dia-) + phainesthai, middle voice form (subject acting on itself) of phainein "to show" (see phantasm).
diaphragm (n.): late 14c., from Late Latin diaphragma, from Greek diaphragma "partition, barrier, muscle which divides the thorax from the abdomen," from diaphrassein "to barricade," from dia- "across" (see dia-) + phrassein "to fence or hedge in." The native word is midriff. Meaning "contraceptive cap" is from 1933.
diarist (n.): 1818; see diary + -ist.
diarize (v.): 1842; see diary + -ize. Related: Diarized; diarizing.
diarrhea (n.): late 14c., from Old French diarrie, from Late Latin diarrhoea, from Greek diarrhoia "diarrhea" (coined by Hippocrates), literally "a flowing through," from diarrhein "to flow through," from dia- "through" (see dia-) + rhein "to flow" (see rheum). Respelled 16c. from diarria on Latin model.
diarrhoea: variant spelling of diarrhea (q.v.); see also oe.
diary (n.): 1580s, from Latin diarium "daily allowance," later "a journal," neuter of diarius "daily," from dies "day" (see diurnal); also see -ary. Earliest sense was a daily record of events; sense of the book in which such are written is said to be first attested in Ben Jonson's "Volpone" (1605).
diaspora (n.): 1876, from Greek diaspora "dispersion," from diaspeirein "to scatter about, disperse," from dia- "about, across" (see dia-) + speirein "to scatter" (see sprout). The Greek word was used in Septuagint in Deut. xxviii:25. A Hebrew word for it is galuth "exile." Related: Diasporic.
diastase (n.): enzyme or group of enzymes found in a seed and capable of converting starch into sugar, coined 1833 by Payen and Persoz from Greek diastasis "a setting apart," from dia- "across" (see dia-) + stasis "a standing" (see stasis).
diastole (n.): 1570s, from medical Latin diastole, from Greek diastole "drawing asunder, dilation," from diastellein, from dia- "through, thoroughly, entirely" (see dia-) + stellein "to set in order, arrange, array, equip, make ready," from PIE *stel-yo-, suffixed form of root *stel- "to put, stand," with derivatives referring to a standing object or place (see stall (n.1)).
diatessaron (n.): late 14c. as a term in music meaning "interval of a fourth;" 1803 in reference to harmonizings of the gospels, especially that of Tatian (2c.), from Greek dia tessaron, from dia "composed of" (literally "through;" see dia-) + tessaron "four," related to tessares (see four).
diatom (n.): 1845, coined from Greek diatomos "cut in two," from diatemnein "to cut through," from dia- "through" (see dia-) + temnein "to cut" (see tome). So called because they typically appear to have been cut in half. Related: Diatomic.