英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

diffuse (v.)[diffuse 词源字典]: 1520s (transitive), 1650s (intransitive), from Latin diffusus, past participle of diffundere "to pour out or away" (see diffusion). Related: Diffused; diffusing.[diffuse etymology, diffuse origin, 英语词源]
diffuse (adj.): early 15c., from Latin diffusus (see diffuse (v.)).
diffusion (n.): late 14c., from Latin diffusionem (nominative diffusio) "a pouring forth," noun of action from past participle stem of diffundere "scatter, pour out," from dis- "apart, in every direction" (see dis-) + fundere "pour" (see found (v.2)).
dig (v.): early 14c. (diggen), of uncertain origin, perhaps related to dike and ditch, either via Old French diguer (ultimately from a Germanic source), or directly from an unrecorded Old English word. Native words were deolfan (see delve), grafan (see grave (v.)).

Slang sense of "understand" first recorded 1934 in Black English, probably based on the notion of "excavate." A slightly varied sense of "appreciate" emerged 1939. Strong past participle dug appeared 16c., but is not etymological. Related: Digging.
dig (n.): late 17c. as "a tool for digging," from dig (v.). Meaning "archaeological expedition" is from 1896. Meaning "thrust or poke" (as with an elbow) is from 1819; figurative sense of this is from 1840.
digamist (n.): "person who has married a second time," 1650s, from di- (1) + -gamy + -ist.
digest (n.): "collection of writing," late 14c., from Latin digesta, from neuter plural of digestus, literally "digested thing," noun use of past participle of digerere "to separate, divide, arrange," from dis- "apart" (see dis-) + gerere "to carry" (see gest).
digest (v.): "assimilate food in bowels," late 14c., from Latin digestus (see digest (n.)). Related: Digested; digesting.
digestible (adj.): late 14c., from Old French digestible, from Latin digestibilis, from past participle stem of digerere (see digest (n.)).
digestion (n.): late 14c., from Old French digestion (13c.), from Latin digestionem (nominative digestio), noun of action from past participle stem of digerere (see digest (n.)).
digestive (n.): late 14c., from Old French digestif (14c.), from Late Latin digestivus "pertaining to digestion," from past participle stem of Latin digerere (see digest (n.)). From 1530s as an adjective. The noun in the French form digestif is attested from 1908.
digger (n.): mid-15c., "one who digs," agent noun from dig (v.). The communistic movement in England so called from 1649.
dight (v.): "to adorn" (archaic or poetic), Old English dihtan "dictate, appoint, ordain; guide; compose," an early borrowing from Latin dictare "to dictate" (see dictate (v.)).

The Latin word borrowed even earlier into continental Germanic became Old High German dihton "to write compose," German dichten "to write poetry." In Middle English, dight exploded to a vast array of meanings (including "to rule," "to handle," "to abuse," "to have sex with," "to kill," "to clothe," "to make ready," "to repair") till it was one of the most-used verbs in the language, but all senses have faded now into obscurity, dialect, or poetic use.
digit (n.): late 14c., "numeral below 10," from Latin digitus "finger or toe" (also with secondary meanings dealing in counting and numerals), related to dicere "tell, say, point out" (see diction). Numerical sense is because numerals under 10 were counted on fingers. The "finger or toe" sense in English is attested from 1640s.
digital (adj.): 1650s, "pertaining to fingers," from Latin digitalis, from digitus (see digit). Meaning "using numerical digits" is from 1938, especially of computers after c. 1945; in reference to recording or broadcasting, from 1960. Related: Digitize.
digitalis (n.): 1660s, Modern Latin translation of German fingerhut, the German name of "foxglove," literally "thimble." Named by Fuchs (1542), and so called for its shape. The medicine (originally extracted from the plant) is so called from 1799.
dignified (adj.): past participle adjective from dignify; 1660s in sense "ranking as a dignitary;" 1812 in sense "having a dignified manner."
dignify (v.): mid-15c., from Middle French dignifier, from Medieval Latin dignificare "make worthy," from Latin dignus (see dignity) + -ficare, from facere "to make, do" (see factitious). Related: Dignification; dignified; dignifying.
dignitary (n.): 1670s; see dignity + -ary. Related: Dignitaries (plural).
dignity (n.): early 13c., from Old French dignite "dignity, privilege, honor," from Latin dignitatem (nominative dignitas) "worthiness," from dignus "worth (n.), worthy, proper, fitting" from PIE *dek-no-, from root *dek- "to take, accept" (see decent).