- dinkum (n.)
[dinkum 词源字典] - 1888, "hard work," Australian slang, of unknown origin, perhaps connected to Lincolnshire dialect. Meaning "honest, genuine" is attested from 1894.[dinkum etymology, dinkum origin, 英语词源]
- dinky (adj.)
- 1788 "neat, trim, dainty, small," from Scottish dialectal dink "finely dressed, trim" (c. 1500), which is of unknown origin. Modern sense is 1850s.
- dinner (n.)
- c. 1300, from Old French disner (11c.), originally "breakfast," later "lunch," noun use of infinitive disner (see dine). Always used in English for the main meal of the day; shift from midday to evening began with the fashionable classes. Childish reduplication din-din is attested from 1905.
- dinosaur (n.)
- 1841, coined in Modern Latin by Sir Richard Owen, from comb. form of Greek deinos "terrible" (see dire) + sauros "lizard" (see -saurus). Figurative sense of "person or institution not adapting to change" is from 1952.
- dint (n.)
- Old English dynt "blow dealt in fighting" (especially by a sword), from Proto-Germanic *duntiz (cognates: Old Norse dyntr "blow, kick"). Phrase by dint of ... "by force of, by means of," is early 14c.
- diocesan (adj.)
- mid-15c., from French diocésain (15c.), from diocese (see diocese).
- diocese (n.)
- early 14c., from Old French diocese (13c., Modern French diocèse), from Late Latin diocesis "a governor's jurisdiction," later, "a bishop's jurisdiction," from Greek dioikesis "government, administration; province," originally "economy, housekeeping," from dioikein "control, govern, administer, manage a house," from dia- "thoroughly" (see dia-) + oikos "house" (see villa).
- diode (n.)
- 1886, from Greek di- "twice" + hodos "way" (see cede).
- Diomedes
- Greek hero in the Trojan War, literally "advised by Zeus," from Dios, genitive of Zeus (see Zeus) + medos "counsel, plan, device, cunning" (see Medea).
- Dion
- masc. proper name, short for Dionysius (see Dennis).
- Dionysian (adj.)
- of or pertaining to Dionysos, Greek god of wine and revelry, identified with Roman Bacchus. His name is of unknown origin. Or in reference to historical men named Dionysius such as the tyrants of Syracuse and especially Dionysius Exiguus (see A.D.), such as Dionysian period of 532 Julian years, when the moon phases recur on the same days of the week.
- diorama (n.)
- 1823 as a type of picture-viewing device, from French diorama (1822), from Greek di- "through" (see dia-) + orama "that which is seen, a sight" (see panorama). Meaning "small-scale replica of a scene, etc." is from 1902.
- Dioscuri (n.)
- Latinized form of Greek Dioskouroi, literally "Zeus' boys," from Dios, genitive of Zeus (see Zeus) + kouroi, plural of kouros "boy, son" (see crescent).
- dioxin (n.)
- 1919, from dioxy- + chemical suffix -in (2). All the compounds in the group are characterized by two oxygen atoms.
- dip (v.)
- Old English dyppan "immerse, baptize by immersion," from Proto-Germanic *duppjan (cognates: Old Norse deypa "to dip," Danish døbe "to baptize," Old Frisian depa, Dutch dopen, German taufen, Gothic daupjan "to baptize"), related to Old English diepan "immerse, dip," and perhaps ultimately to deep. As a noun, from 1590s. Sense of "downward slope" is 1708. Meaning "sweet sauce for pudding, etc." first recorded 1825.
- dip (n.)
- "stupid person, eccentric person," 1920s slang, perhaps a back-formation from dippy. "Dipshit is an emphatic form of dip (2); dipstick may be a euphemism or may reflect putative dipstick 'penis' " [DAS].
- diphtheria (n.)
- from French diphthérie, coined 1857 by physician Pierre Bretonneau (1778-1862) from Greek diphthera "prepared hide, leather," which is of unknown origin; the disease so called for the tough membrane that forms in the throat. Bretonneau's earlier name for it was diphthérite, anglicized as diphtheritis (1826). Formerly known in England as the Boulogne sore throat, because it spread from France.
- diphthong (n.)
- late 15c., from Middle French diphthongue, from Late Latin diphthongus, from Greek diphthongos "having two sounds," from di- "double" (see di- (1)) + phthongos "sound, voice," related to phthengesthai "utter, speak loudly."
- diplodocus (n.)
- 1884, coined in Modern Latin in 1878 by U.S. paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh (1831-1899) from Greek diploos "double" (see diploid) + dokos "a beam." So called for the peculiar structure of the tail bones.
- diploid (adj.)
- 1908, from Greek diploos "double, twofold," (from di- "two" + root *pel- "to fold;" see ply (v.)) + eidos "form" (see -oid).
