英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

red-eye (n.)[red-eye 词源字典]: "airplane flight which deprives travelers of sleep," 1968, from the red eyes of sleeplessness; earlier as a noun meaning "raw and inferior whiskey" (1819, American English).[red-eye etymology, red-eye origin, 英语词源]
red-handed (adj.): 1781, earlier red-hand (early 15c.), originally in Scottish legal writing, from red (adj.1) + -handed; presumably from the image of a murderer with hands still stained with blood.
red-hot (adj.): late 14c., "heated till it glows red" (of metal, etc.); of persons, "lively, passionate," it is recorded from c. 1600. Red-hot mama is 1926, jazz slang, "earthy female singer," also "girlfriend, lover."
red-streak (n.): type of apple prized for cider-making, 1660s, from red (adj.1) + streak (n.).
redact (v.): early 15c., "bring into organized form," from Latin redactus, past participle of redigere "to drive back, force back; bring back; collect, call in; bring down, reduce," from re- "back, again" (see re-) + agere "to drive" (see act (n.)). Specific meaning "arrange, edit" is from 1851.
redaction (n.): "editing for publication," 1785, from French rédaction "a compiling; a working over, editing; editorial staff" (late 17c.), from Late Latin redact-, past participle stem of redigere (see redact). Meaning "a redacted version" is from 1810. Earlier it meant "a driving back" (1620s).
redbird (n.): mid-13c., a name for sundry red or partly red birds, including the common bullfinch and the scarlet tanager, but in U.S. especially the cardinal, from red (adj.1) + bird (n.).
redbreast (n.): early 15c., of the English robin, from red (adj.1) + breast (n.). Later of the American bird.
redcap (n.): "porter at a railroad station," 1914, American English, from red (adj.1) + cap (n.). Earlier it was the name of the goldfinch, a type of hen, and a long-toothed spectre in Scottish castles.
redcoat (n.): "British soldier," 1510s, from red (adj.1) + coat (n.). In Britain, especially of Cromwellian troops in the English Civil War; in the U.S., of British soldiers in the American Revolution.
redd (v.): early 15c., "to clear" (a space, etc.), from Old English hreddan "to save, free from, deliver, recover, rescue," from Proto-Germanic *hradjan. Sense evolution tended to merge with unrelated rid. Also possibly influenced by Old English rædan "to arrange," related to Old English geræde, source of ready (adj.).

A dialect word in Scotland and northern England, where it has had senses of "to fix" (boundaries), "to comb" (hair), "to separate" (combatants), "to settle" (a quarrel). The exception to the limited use is the meaning "to put in order, to make neat or trim" (1718), especially in redd up, which is in general use in England and the U.S. Use of the same phrase, in the same sense, in Pennsylvania Dutch may be from cognate Low German and Dutch redden, obviously connected historically to the English word, "but the origin and relationship of the forms is not clear" [OED].
redden (v.): "become red; make red," late 14c., from red (adj.1) + -en (1). Old English had readian, reodian "become red." Related: Reddened; reddening.
redder (n.): "one who sets or puts in order," especially "one who tries to settle a quarrel," mid-15c., Scottish, agent noun from redd (v.).
reddish (adj.): late 14c., from red (adj.1) + -ish. Related: Reddishness.
rede (n.): "counsel, advice," Old English ræd "advice, counsel;" see read (v.). Cognate with Old Saxon rad "advice, counsel, help, advantage," Dutch raad "advice, counsel," German Rat "advice, counsel," Old Norse rað "advice, consideration, remedy, power; marriage."
redeem (v.): early 15c., "buy back, ransom," from Middle French redemer "buy back," from Latin redimere (see redemption). Theological sense of "deliver from sin and spiritual death" is from c. 1500. Meaning "make amends for" is from 1520s. Sense of "make good" (a promise, obligation, etc.) is from 1840. Related: Redeemed; redeeming.
redeemable (adj.): 1610s, from redeem + -able.
redeemer (n.): early 15c., agent noun from redeem. Originally in the Christian sense, "Savior of the world, Jesus Christ;" it replaced earlier redemptor.
redefine (v.): 1848, from re- + define. Related: Redefined; redefining; redefinition.
redemption (n.): mid-14c., "deliverance from sin," from Old French redemcion (12c.) and directly from Latin redemptionem (nominative redemptio) "a buying back, releasing, ransoming" (also "bribery"), noun of action from past participle stem of redimere "to redeem, buy back," from red- "back" (see re-) + emere "to take, buy, gain, procure" (see exempt). The -d- is from the Old Latin habit of using red- as the form of re- before vowels. In the Mercian hymns, Latin redemptionem is glossed by Old English alesnisse.