英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

remark [remark 词源字典]: remark: [17] Remark originated in French as an intensified version of marquer, in the sense ‘observe, notice’ (French had acquired marquer from the same Germanic source as produced English mark). The sense ‘say something’ emerged from the notion of ‘making a verbal observation’. The derived remarkable [17] soon developed the sense ‘extraordinary’ from its original ‘worthy of being noticed’.
=> mark[remark etymology, remark origin, 英语词源]
remedy: remedy: [13] Remedy is closely related to medicine. It comes via Anglo-Norman remedie from Latin remedium ‘medicine’ a noun formed from the same stem, med-, as produced medērī ‘heal’ (source of English medical, medicine, etc). The extension in meaning from ‘medicine’ to ‘something that corrects a wrong’ took place in Latin.
=> medicine
remember: remember: [14] Latin memor meant ‘mindful’ (it gave English memorial, memory, etc, and went back ultimately to the Indo-European base *men-, *mon- ‘think’, source of a wide range of English vocabulary from comment to mind). From it in the post-classical period was formed the verb rememorārī ‘recall to mind’, which passed into English via Old French remembrer.
=> comment, mental, mind
remind: remind: [17] Remind is an English coinage. It was formed, apparently in the 1640s, from the prefix re- and the verb mind, in the sense ‘remember’ (now restricted to Scottish English). It may have been modelled on the now obsolete rememorate, which came from the same Latin source as English remember. It was originally used for ‘remember’, but the modern sense ‘cause to remember’ emerged as early as the 1660s.
reminiscence: reminiscence: see memory
remnant: remnant: see remain
remonstrate: remonstrate: see monster
remorse: remorse: [14] Remorse etymologically denotes the ‘biting’ of conscience. The word comes ultimately from medieval Latin remorsus ‘torment’, a derivative of Latin remordēre ‘bite back’, hence ‘torrnent’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘back, again’ and mordēre ‘bite’ (source of English morsel). The noun was used in the expression remorsus conscientiae ‘torment of conscience’, which passed into Old French as remors de conscience. English adopted this at the end of the 14th century, and by the beginning of the 15th century remorse was being used on its own in the same sense.
=> morsel
remove: remove: [14] The -move of remove comes from the same source as English move itself – Latin movēre ‘move’. Combination with the prefix re- ‘again, back’ produced removēre ‘move back, move away’, which reached English via Old French removeir. The Latin past participle remōtus gave English remote [15], etymologically ‘moved away to a distant place’.
=> move, remote
renaissance: renaissance: see native
rend: rend: see rent
render: render: [14] Latin reddere meant ‘give back’. It was a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘back’ and dāre ‘give’ (source of English date, donate, etc). In Vulgar Latin this was changed to *rendere, perhaps under the influence of prendere ‘take’, which passed into English via Old French rendre. Rent ‘payment’ goes back to the past participle of *rendere.
=> date, donate, rent
rendezvous: rendezvous: [16] Rendezvous was borrowed from French rendez-vous, a lexicalization of rendezvous, the imperative plural of se rendre. This meant literally ‘present yourself’ – that is, at a particular place. English first used the word as a verb in the mid 17th century.
renegade: renegade: [16] A renegade is etymologically a ‘denier’. The word is an anglicization of Spanish renegado, a term picked up via Anglo-Hispanic contact at the end of the 16th century and itself quite commonly used in English until the 18th century. Renegado itself comes from medieval Latin renegātus, a noun use of the past participle of Latin renegāre ‘deny’ (source of English renegue [16]). This was a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix re- and negāre ‘deny’ (source of English deny [13] and negative [14]).
=> deny, negative, renegue
rennet: rennet: [15] Rennet probably goes back to an unrecorded Old English *rynet. This appears to have been derived from the verb run, which was used dialectally into the 20th century for ‘curdle’. The underlying notion is of the solid parts of milk ‘running’ together and coagulating.
=> run
renounce: renounce: see pronounce
renown: renown: [14] To be renowned is etymologically to be ‘named again’, and hence to be ‘famous’. The word comes from Old French renon, a derivative of the verb renomer ‘make famous’. This was formed from the prefix re- ‘again’ and nomer ‘name’, a descendant of Latin nōmināre, from which English gets nominate.
=> nominate, noun
rent: rent: English has two words rent. The one meaning ‘payment’ [12] comes via Old French rente from Vulgar Latin *rendita, a noun use of the feminine past participle of *rendere ‘give back’ (source of English render). Rent ‘tear, rift’ [16] comes from the verb rend [OE], which goes back to Old English rendan. Its ultimate antecedents are not known, although it may be related to Sanskrit rándhra- ‘split’.
=> render
repair: repair: Repair ‘mend’ [14] and repair ‘go’ [14] are two distinct words. The former comes via Old French reparer from Latin reparāre ‘put back in order’, a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘back’ and parāre ‘put in order’ (source of English prepare). Repair ‘go’ is ultimately the same word as repatriate [17]. Both go back to late Latin repatriāre ‘go home’, a compound verb based on Latin patria ‘homeland’ (a relative of English father, patron, etc). Repatriate was acquired direct from Latin, whereas repair was routed via Old French repairer.
=> prepare; father, paternal, patriot, patron, repatriate
repast: repast: [14] The closest English relative of repast is not past but pasture. It was borrowed from Old French repast, a derivative of repaistre ‘feed’. This in turn went back to late Latin repascere ‘feed again’, a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘again’ and pascere ‘feed’ (whose past participial stem formed the basis of English pasture).
=> pasture