英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

revival (n.)[revival 词源字典]: 1650s, "act of reviving;" 1660s, "the bringing of an old play back to the stage," from revive + -al (2). First in sense "general religious awakening in a community" by Cotton Mather, 1702; revivalist is first attested 1812.[revival etymology, revival origin, 英语词源]
revive (v.): early 15c., "return to consciousness; restore to health," from Middle French revivre (10c.), from Latin revivere "to live again," from re- "again" (see re-) + vivere "to live" (see vital). Meaning "bring back to notice or fashion" is from mid-15c. Related: Revived; reviving.
revocable (adj.): late 15c., from Old French revocable or directly from Latin revocabilis "that may be revoked," from revocare (see revoke). Alternative revokable attested from 1580s.
revocation (n.): early 15c., from Old French revocacion or directly from Latin revocationem (nominative revocatio) "a calling back, recalling," noun of action from past participle stem of revocare (see revoke).
revoke (v.): mid-14c., from Old French revoquer (13c.), from Latin revocare "rescind, call back," from re- "back" (see re-) + vocare "to call" (see voice (n.)). Related: Revoked; revoking.
revolt (v.): 1540s, from Middle French revolter (15c.), from Italian rivoltare "to overthrow, overturn," from Vulgar Latin *revolvitare "to overturn, overthrow," frequentative of Latin revolvere (past participle revolutus) "turn, roll back" (see revolve). Related: Revolted; revolting.
revolt (n.): 1550s, from Middle French révolte (c. 1500), back formation from revolter (see revolt (v.)), or else from Italian rivolta.
revolting (adj.): 1590s, "that revolts, given to revolt, rebellious," present participle adjective from revolt (v.). Sense of "repulsive" is from 1806. Related: Revoltingly.
revolution (n.): late 14c., originally of celestial bodies, from Old French revolucion "course, revolution (of celestial bodies)" (13c.), or directly from Late Latin revolutionem (nominative revolutio) "a revolving," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin revolvere "turn, roll back" (see revolve).

General sense of "instance of great change in affairs" is recorded from mid-15c. Political meaning "overthrow of an established political system" first recorded c. 1600, derived from French, and was especially applied to the expulsion of the Stuart dynasty under James II in 1688 and transfer of sovereignty to William and Mary.
revolutionary (adj.): 1774; see revolution + -ary. As a noun, from 1850 (cf revolutionist).
revolutionist (n.): 1710; see revolution + -ist.
revolutionize (v.): 1797, "to cause to undergo a (political) revolution;" see revolution + -ize. Transferred sense of "to change a thing completely and fundamentally" is first recorded 1799. Related: Revolutionized; revolutionizing.
revolve (v.): late 14c., "to change direction, bend around, turn (the eyes) back," from Old French revolver and directly from Latin revolvere "roll back, unroll, unwind; happen again, return; go over, repeat," from re- "back, again" (see re-) + volvere "to roll" (see volvox). In 15c., "to turn over (in the mind or heart), meditate." Meaning "travel around a central point" first recorded 1660s (earlier "cause to travel in an orbit around a central point," mid-15c.). Related: Revolved; revolving.
revolver (n.): type of pistol, 1835, agent noun from revolve. So called by U.S. inventor Samuel Colt (1814-1862) for its revolving chamber cylinder.
revolving (adj.): 1690s, present participle adjective from revolve (v.). Revolving door attested from 1856 in industrial processes, 1896 in buildings.
revue (n.): 1872, "show presenting a review of current events," from French revue, from Middle French, literally "survey," noun use of fem. past participle of revoir "to see again" (see review (n.)). Later extended to shows consisting of a series of unrelated scenes.
revulsion (n.): 1540s, as a medical term, from Middle French revulsion (16c.) or directly from Latin revulsionem (nominative revulsio) "a tearing off, act of pulling away," noun of action from past participle stem of revellere "to pull away," from re- "away" (see re-) + vellere "to tear, pull," from PIE *wel-no-, suffixed form of root *wel- (4) "to tear, pull" (see svelte). The meaning "sudden reaction of disgust" is first attested 1816.
reward (n.): mid-14c., "a regarding, heeding, observation," from Anglo-French and Old North French reward, back-formation from rewarder (see reward (v.)). Meaning "repayment for some service" is from late 14c. Sense of "sum of money in exchange for capture" is from 1590s.
reward (v.): c. 1300 "to grant, bestow;" early 14c. "to give as compensation," from Old North French rewarder "to regard, reward" (Old French regarder) "take notice of, regard, watch over," from re-, intensive prefix (see re-), + warder "look, heed, watch," from Germanic (see warder). Originally any form of requital. A doublet of regard. Related: Rewarded; rewarding.
rewind (v.): also re-wind, 1717, from re- "back, again" + wind (v.1). Noun meaning "mechanism for rewinding film or tape" is recorded from 1938. Related: Rewound; rewinding.