英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

utopian (adj.)[utopian 词源字典]: 1550s, with reference to More's fictional country; 1610s as "extravagantly ideal, impossibly visionary," from utopia + -an. As a noun meaning "visionary idealist" it is recorded by 1832 (also in this sense was utopiast, 1845).[utopian etymology, utopian origin, 英语词源]
utopianism (n.): 1783, from utopian + -ism.
utter (adj.): Old English utera, uterra, "outer, exterior, external," from Proto-Germanic *utizon (cognates: Old Norse utar, Old Frisian uttra, Middle Dutch utere, Dutch uiter-, Old High German uzar, German äußer "outer"), comparative adjective from ut (see out (adv.)). Meaning "complete, total" (i.e. "going to the utmost point") is from early 15c.
utter (v.): "speak, say," c. 1400, in part from Middle Dutch uteren or Middle Low German utern "to turn out, show, speak," from uter "outer," comparative adjective from ut "out" (see utter (adj.)); in part from Middle English verb outen "to disclose," from Old English utan "to put out," from ut (see out (v.)). Compare German äussern "to utter, express," from aus "out;" and colloquial phrase out with it "speak up!" Formerly also used as a commercial verb (as release is now). Related: Uttered; uttering.
utterance (n.): "that which is uttered," c. 1400, from utter (v.) + -ance.
utterly (adv.): early 13c., "truly, plainly, outspokenly," from utter (v.) + -ly (1); meaning "to an absolute degree" is late 14c., from utter (adj.)). Cf similarly formed German äusserlich. Old English uterlic (adj.) meant "external."
uttermost (adj.): late 14c., from utter (adj.) + -most. More recent than utmost. Compare utmost. Middle English also had uttermore (late 14c.), now, alas, no longer with us.
UV: abbreviation of ultraviolet, by 1928.
uvea (n.): late 14c., from medical Latin uvea, from Latin uva "grape; uvula" (see uvula). Partial loan-translation of Greek hrago-eides (khiton) "(the covering) resembling berries or grapes" (Galen). Related: Uveal.
uvula (n.): late 14c., from Late Latin uvula, from Latin uvola "small bunch of grapes," diminutive of uva "grape," from PIE root *og- "fruit, berry." So called from fancied resemblance of the organ to small grapes. Related: Uvular.
uxorial (adj.): "of or pertaining to a wife," 1778, from Latin uxoris (see uxorious) + -al (1). Sometimes is used in the sense of uxorius.
We still say that a husband hangs out the broom when his wife goes from home for a short time; and on such occasions a broom besom has been exhibited as a signal that the house was freed from uxorial restraint, and where the master might be considered as a temporary bachelor. [Samuel Johnson and George Steevens, notes to "The Tempest," 1778]
uxoricide (n.): 1830, "one who kills his wife;" 1835, "the murder of one's wife," from French uxoricide (in use 1820s) from Latin uxor "wife" (see uxorious) + -cide. Related: Uxoricidal.
uxorious (adj.): "excessively fond of or submissive to one's wife," 1590s, from Latin uxorius "of or pertaining to a wife," also "devoted to a wife" or "ruled by a wife," from uxor (genitive uxoris) "wife," according to Watkins from PIE *uk-sor- "'she who gets accustomed" (to a new household)' after patrilocal marriage."
Uzi: 1959, trademark name for Israeli-made submachine gun, developed by Usiel Gal (1923â2002), and manufactured by IMI.
ultra: "An extremist", Early 19th century: an independent usage of ultra-, originally as an abbreviation of French ultra-royaliste 'ultra-royalist'.
uncinate: "Having a hooked shape", Mid 18th century: from Latin uncinatus, from uncinus 'hook'.
ugali: "A type of maize porridge eaten in east and central Africa", Kiswahili.
Ursa Major: "One of the largest and most prominent northern constellations (the Great Bear). The seven brightest stars form a familiar formation variously called the Plough, Big Dipper, or Charles’s Wain, and include the Pointers", Latin, from the story in Greek mythology that the nymph Callisto was turned into a bear and placed as a constellation in the heavens by Zeus.
upper case: "Capital letters as opposed to small letters (lower case)", Referring originally to two type cases positioned on an angled stand, the case containing the capital letters being higher and further away from the compositor.
umami: "A category of taste in food (besides sweet, sour, salt, and bitter), corresponding to the flavour of glutamates, especially monosodium glutamate", Japanese, literally 'deliciousness'.