- republic (n.)
[republic 词源字典] - c. 1600, "state in which supreme power rests in the people via elected representatives," from Middle French république (15c.), from Latin respublica (ablative republica) "the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic," literally res publica "public interest, the state," from res "affair, matter, thing" + publica, fem. of publicus "public" (see public (adj.)). Republic of letters attested from 1702.[republic etymology, republic origin, 英语词源]
- republican (adj.)
- 1712, "belonging to a republic, of the nature of a republic, consonant to the principles of a republic," from republic + -an. The French republican calendar was in use from Nov. 26, 1793 to Dec. 31, 1805.
- republican (n.)
- "one who favors a republic or republican principles" (or, as Johnson puts it, "One who thinks a commonwealth without monarchy the best government"), 1690s; see from republican (adj.). With capital R-, in reference to a member of a specific U.S. political party (the Anti-Federalists) from 1782, though this was not the ancestor of the modern U.S. Republican Party, which dates from 1854.
- republicanism (n.)
- 1680s, from republican (adj.) + -ism. In reference to the U.S. Republican Party from 1856.
- republication (n.)
- 1730, from re- + publication.
- Republicrat (n.)
- in U.S. political jargon, usually meaning "moderate; independent," 1881, from elements of the names of the two dominant parties; see from republican (n.) and democrat (n.).
- republish (v.)
- 1620s, from re- + publish. Related: Republished; republishing.
- repudiate (v.)
- 1540s, "to cast off by divorce," from Latin repudiatus, past participle of repudiare "to cast off, put away, divorce, reject, scorn, disdain," from repudium "divorce, rejection, a putting away, dissolution of marriage," from re- "back, away" (see re-) + pudium, which is probably related to pes/ped- "foot" [Barnhart]. If this is so, the original notion may be of kicking something away, but folk etymology commonly connects it with pudere "cause shame to." Of opinions, conduct, etc., "to refuse to acknowledge," attested from 1824. Earliest in English as an adjective meaning "divorced, rejected, condemned" (mid-15c.). Related: Repudiated; repudiating.
- repudiation (n.)
- 1540s, "divorce" (of a woman by a man), from Latin repudiationem (nominative repudiatio) "a rejection, refusal," noun of action from past participle stem of repudiare (see repudiate). Meaning "action of disowning" is from 1840s.
- repudiatory (adj.)
- 1820; see repudiate + -ory.
- repugn (v.)
- late 14c., from Old French repugner, from Latin repugnare "fight against, resist" (see repugnant). Related: Repugned; repugning.
- repugnance (n.)
- late 14c., from Old French repugnance "opposition, resistance" (13c.) or directly from Latin repugnantia "incompatibility," from stem of repugnare "resist, disagree, be incompatible" (see repugnant).
- repugnant (adj.)
- late 14c., "contrary, contradictory," from Old French repugnant "contradictory, opposing" or directly from Latin repugnantem (nominative repugnans), present participle of repugnare "to resist, fight back, oppose; disagree, be incompatible," from re- "back" (see re-) + pugnare "to fight" (see pugnacious). Meaning "distasteful, objectionable" is from 1777.
- repulse (v.)
- early 15c., from Latin repulsus, past participle of repellere "drive back, reject" (see repel). Related: Repulsed; repulsing.
- repulse (n.)
- 1530s, from Latin repulsa "refusal, denial," noun use of fem. past participle of repellere (see repel).
- repulsion (n.)
- early 15c., "repudiation," from Late Latin repulsionem (nominative repulsio) "a repelling," noun of action from past participle stem of repellere (see repel). Meaning "action of forcing or driving back" is attested from 1540s. Sense of "strong dislike" is from 1751.
- repulsive (adj.)
- early 15c., "able to repel," from Middle French repulsif (14c.) and directly from Medieval Latin repulsivus, from repuls-, past participle stem of repellere (see repel). The sense of "causing disgust" is first recorded 1816. Related: Repulsively; repulsiveness.
- repurchase (v.)
- 1590s, from re- + purchase (v.). Related: Repurchased; repurchasing.
- repurpose (v.)
- by 1983, from re- + purpose (v.). Related: Repurposed; repurposing.
- reputable (adj.)
- 1610s, from repute + -able. Meaning "having a good reputation" is from 1670s. Related: Reputably.
