英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

shocking (adj.)[shocking 词源字典]: 1690s, "offensive," present participle adjective from shock (v.1). From 1704 as "causing a jolt of indignation, horror, etc.;" from 1798 as "so bad as to be shocking." Related: Shockingly. Shocking pink introduced February 1937 by Italian-born fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli.[shocking etymology, shocking origin, 英语词源]
shod (adj.): "wearing shoes," late 14c., from Middle English past participle of shoe (v.), surviving chiefly in compounds, such as roughshod, slipshod, etc.
shoddy (adj.): 1862, "having a delusive appearance of high quality," a Northern word from the American Civil War in reference to the quality of government supplies for the armies, from earlier noun meaning "rag-wool, wool made of woolen waste and old rags" (1832), perhaps a Yorkshire provincial word, of uncertain origin.

Originally used for padding, English manufacturers began making coarse wearing clothes from it, and when new it looked like broad-cloth but the gloss quickly wore off, giving the stuff a bad reputation as a cheat. The 1860 U.S. census of manufactures notes import of more than 6 million pounds of it, which was "much used in the manufacture of army and navy cloths and blankets in the United States" according to an 1865 government report.
The Days of Shoddy, as the reader will readily anticipate, are the opening months of the present war, at which time the opprobrious name first came into general use as a designation for swindling and humbug of every character; and nothing more need be said to indicate the scope of this novel. [Henry Morford, "The Days of Shoddy: A Novel of the Great Rebellion in 1861," Philadelphia, 1863]
Related: Shoddily; shoddiness.
shoe (n.): Old English scoh "shoe," from Proto-Germanic *skokhaz (cognates: Old Norse skor, Danish and Swedish sko, Old Frisian skoch, Old Saxon skoh, Middle Dutch scoe, Dutch schoen, Old High German scuoh, German Schuh, Gothic skoh). No known cognates outside Germanic, unless it somehow is connected with PIE root *skeu- "cover" (cognates: second element in Latin ob-scurus).

Old plural form shoon lasted until 16c. Meaning "metal plate to protect a horse's hoof" is attested from late 14c. Distinction between shoe and boot (n.) is attested from c. 1400. To stand in someone's shoes "see things from his or her point of view" is attested from 1767. Old shoe as a type of something worthless is attested from late 14c.

Shoes tied to the fender of a newlywed couple's car preserves the old custom (mentioned from 1540s) of throwing an old shoe at or after someone to wish them luck. Perhaps the association is with dirtiness, on the "muck is luck" theory.
shoe (v.): Old English scogan "to shoe," from the root of shoe (n.). In reference to horses from c. 1200. Related: Shoed; shoeing.
shoe-shine (adj.): 1911, from shoe (n.) + shine (n.). One who shines shoes for money was a shoeblacker (1755).
shoe-string (n.): 1610s, from shoe (n.) + string (n.). As figurative for "a small amount" it is recorded from 1882; as a type of necktie, from 1903; as a style of cooked potatoes from 1906.
shoebox (n.): 1860, from shoe (n.) + box (n.). In reference to a type of building from 1968.
shoehorn (v.): in the figurative sense of "to put or thrust (something somewhere) by means of a 'tool,' " 1859, from shoehorn (n.). Earlier it meant "to cuckold" (mid-17c.), with a play on horn (n.). Related: Shoehorned.
shoehorn (n.): 1580s, from shoe (n.) + horn (n.); earlier shoeing-horn (mid-15c.).
shoelace (n.): 1640s, from shoe (n.) + lace (n.).
shoeless (adj.): 1620s, from shoe (n.) + -less. Related: Shoelessly; shoelessness.
shoemaker (n.): late 14c. (mid-14c. as a surname), from shoe (n.) + maker.
shofar (n.): ram's horn blown on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, 1833, from Hebrew shophar "ram's horn," related to Arabic sawafiru "ram's horns," Akkadian shapparu "wild goat."
shogun (n.): 1610s, "hereditary commander of a Japanese army," from Japanese (sei-i-tai) shogun "(barbarian-subduing) chief" (late 12c.), sound-substitution for Chinese chiang chiin, literally "lead army."
shogunate (n.): 1871, a hybrid, from Japanese shogun + Latinate suffix -ate (1).
shoo (v.): 1620s, "to drive away by calling 'shoo,' " from the exclamation (late 15c.), perhaps instinctive, compare German schu, Italian scioia. Related: Shooed; shooing.
shoo-fly (interj.): admonition to a pest, by 1867 (in baseball slang), from shoo (v.) + fly (n.). Popularized by a Dan Bryant minstrel song c. 1870, which launched it as a catch-phrase that, according to H.L. Mencken, "afflicted the American people for at least two years." Shoo-fly pie is attested from 1935.
shoo-in (n.): "easy winner" (especially in politics), 1939, from earlier sense "horse that wins a race by pre-arrangement" (1928); the verb phrase shoo in in this sense is from 1908; from shoo (v.) + in (adv.).
shook (adj.): "disturbed," 1891, past participle adjective from shake (v.). Shook up "excited" is 1897 slang, revived 1957 by Elvis Presley.