英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

recession (n.)[recession 词源字典]: 1640s, "act of receding, a going back," from French récession "a going backward, a withdrawing," and directly from Latin recessionem (nominative recessio) "a going back," noun of action from past participle stem of recedere (see recede).

Sense of "temporary decline in economic activity," 1929, noun of action from recess (q.v.):
The material prosperity of the United States is too firmly based, in our opinion, for a revival in industrial activity -- even if we have to face an immediate recession of some magnitude -- to be long delayed. ["Economist," Nov. 2, 1929]
Ayto notes, "There was more than a hint of euphemism in the coining of this term."[recession etymology, recession origin, 英语词源]
recessional (adj.): 1858, from recession + -al (1). As a noun, "hymn sung while the clergy and choir are leaving church," 1864, with -al (2).
recessive (adj.): 1670s, from Latin recess-, past participle stem of recedere (see recede) + -ive. Linguistics sense is from 1879; in genetics, 1900, from German recessiv (Mendel, 1865). Related: Recessiveness.
recharge (v.): early 15c., "to reload" (a vessel), from re- "again, back" + charge "to load" (q.v.); modeled on Old French rechargier "to load, load back on" (13c.). Meaning "re-power a battery" is from 1876. Related: Recharged; recharging. The noun is recorded from 1610s in English.
rechargeable (adj.): 1901 of batteries, etc., from recharge + -able. Earlier in financial accounts.
recherche (adj.): 1722, from French recherché "carefully sought out," past participle of rechercher "to seek out" (12c.), from re-, here perhaps suggesting repeated activity (see re-) + chercher "to search," from Latin circare, in Late Latin "to wander hither and thither," from circus "circle" (see circus). Commonly used 19c. of food, styles, etc., to denote obscure excellence.
recidivate (v.): "fall back; relapse," 1520s, from Medieval Latin recidivatus, past participle of recidivare "to relapse" (see recidivist). Related: Recidivated; recidivating.
recidivism (n.): "habit of relapsing" (into crime), 1882, from recidivist + -ism, modeled on French récidivisme, from récidiver.
recidivist (n.): "relapsed criminal," 1863, from French récidiviste, from récidiver "to fall back, relapse," from Medieval Latin recidivare "to relapse into sin," from Latin recidivus "falling back," from recidere "fall back," from re- "back, again" (see re-) + comb. form of cadere "to fall" (see case (n.)). Recidivation in the spiritual sense is attested from early 15c., was very common 17c.
recipe (n.): 1580s, "medical prescription," from Middle French récipé (15c.), from Latin recipe "take!," second person imperative singular of recipere "to take" (see receive); word written by physicians at the head of prescriptions. Figurative use from 1640s. Meaning "instructions for preparing food" first recorded 1743. The original sense survives only in the pharmacist's abbreviation Rx.
recipient (n.): 1550s, from Middle French récipient (16c.) and directly from Latin recipientem (nominative recipiens), present participle of recipere (see receive). As an adjective from 1610s. Related: Recipience; recipiency.
reciprocal (adj.): 1560s, with -al (1) + stem of Latin reciprocus "returning the same way, alternating," from pre-Latin *reco-proco-, from *recus (from re- "back;" see re-, + -cus, adjective formation) + *procus (from pro- "forward;" see pro-, + -cus. Related: Reciprocally. The noun meaning "that which is reciprocal" (to another) is from 1560s.
reciprocate (v.): "to return, requite," 1610s, back-formation from reciprocation, or else from Latin reciprocatus, past participle of reciprocare "rise and fall, move back and forth; reverse the motion of," from reciprocus (see reciprocal). Related: Reciprocated; reciprocating.
reciprocating (adj.): "moving back and forth," 1690s, present participle adjective from reciprocate (v.). Specifically of machines by 1822.
reciprocation (n.): 1520s, "mode of expression;" 1560s, "act of reciprocating," from Latin reciprocationem (nominative reciprocatio) "retrogression, alternation, ebb," noun of action from past participle stem of reciprocare "move back, turn back," also "come and go, move back and forth;" from reciprocus (see reciprocal).
reciprocity (n.): 1766, from French réciprocité (18c.), from reciproque, from Latin reciprocus, past participle of reciprocare (see reciprocal).
recision (n.): "act of cutting off," 1610s, from Middle French recision, alteration of rescision (from Late Latin rescissionem "annulment;" see rescission), influenced in form by Late Latin recisionem (nominative recisio) "a cutting back," noun of action from past participle stem of recidere "to cut back" (see recidivist).
recital (n.): 1510s, a legal term, "rehearsal or statement of relevant facts," from recite + -al. Meaning "act of reciting" is from 1610s; musical performance sense is from 1811.
recitation (n.): late 15c., "act of detailing," from Old French récitation (14c.) and directly from Latin recitationem (nominative recitatio) "public reading, a reading aloud," noun of action from past participle stem of recitare (see recite). Meaning "act of repeating aloud" is from 1620s; that of "repetition of a prepared lesson" is first recorded 1770, American English.
recitative (n.): "style of musical declamation intermediate between speech and singing, form of song resembling declamation," 1650s, from Italian recitativo, from recitato, past participle of recitare, from Latin recitare "read out, read aloud" (see recite). From 1640s as an adjective. The Italian form of the word was used in English from 1610s.